Demopoulos found that PAF plays a crucial role in heart disease and strokes. įurther studies on PAF were conducted by Constantinos A. These developments led to the finding that macrophages produce PAF and that macrophages play an important function in aggregation of platelets and liberation of their inflammatory and vasoactive substances. Using lab rats and mice, he found that ionophore A23187 (a mobile ion carrier that allows the passage of Mn 2+, Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ and has antibiotic properties against bacteria and fungi) caused the release of PAF. Benveniste made significant contributions in the role and characteristics of PAF and its importance in inflammatory response and mediation. PAF was the first phospholipid known to have messenger functions. PAF was discovered by French immunologist Jacques Benveniste in the early 1970s.
It is produced in larger quantities by inflammatory cells in response to specific stimuli. PAF is continuously produced by these cells but in low quantities and production is controlled by the activity of PAF acetylhydrolases. PAF is produced by a variety of cells, but especially those involved in host defense, such as platelets, endothelial cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. It is also involved in changes to vascular permeability, the oxidative burst, chemotaxis of leukocytes, as well as augmentation of arachidonic acid metabolism in phagocytes. Platelet-activating factor, also known as PAF, PAF-acether or AGEPC (acetyl-glyceryl-ether-phosphorylcholine), is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, platelet aggregation and degranulation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.
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